Traditional Japanese Karate-do & Budo Archives

The Shotokai Encyclopedia

Shotokai, founded by Master Gichin Funakoshi • The Non-Contraction Way, Natural Posture, and Spiritual Sincerity

Historical Monograph • 68 Chapters
Lexicon & Martial Philosophy • Alphabetical A-Z Order

Alphabetical Glossary of Technical Terms & Budo Philosophy

空手道 と 総合武道 の 概念体系 • 30 canonical concepts organized alphabetically from A to Z, detailing etymology, biomechanics, and citations from Chiyoko Egami's memoirs.

A-Z Index:
Displaying 30 terms in alphabetical order

Alphabetical Dictionary of Canonical Terms & Concepts (A-Z)

A Budo Philosophy & Mind

Aiki (合気)

Literal: Harmonizing of Vital Energy

The principle of blending with and guiding an attacker's intention rather than clashing head-on. Egami had studied classical grappling in his youth and integrated aiki principles into Shotokai's flowing partner drills.

Concordance:
B Budo Philosophy & Mind

Bujin (武人)

Literal: Martial Person of Integrity

A noble practitioner who has subordinated physical prowess to moral self-rectification, empathy, and spiritual refinement. In Chiyoko's eyes, Shigeru Egami was a true bujin precisely because he never cared for gold or power.

Concordance:
E History & Sōgō Budō

Eikō (栄光)

Literal: Glory / Radiant Extension

An expansive running, dropping, and leaping exercise born on the sands of Iwai Beach, designed to force practitioners into total physical exhaustion so that rigid muscular ego collapses, leaving only pure momentum.

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G Tactics & Distance

Go no Sen (後の先)

Literal: Initiative in Aftermath

The classical counter-initiative: allowing the opponent to commit fully to their attack, deftly avoiding or absorbing their momentum, and launching a decisive strike at their point of maximum overextension.

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G Biomechanics & Technique

Gōtai (剛態)

Literal: Rigid / Hard Condition

The state of pre-tensed, hyper-contracted muscular armor common in conventional sport karate. Egami demonstrated through exhaustive testing with Hiroyuki Aoki that gotai acts as an internal brake, causing kinetic impact to bounce harmlessly off the opponent's surface rather than penetrating.

Concordance:
H Budo Philosophy & Mind

Heihō (Heiho) (兵法)

Literal: Martial Strategy / The Way of Peace

The classical philosophical doctrine that the highest purpose of martial discipline is the preservation of human life, harmony with nature, and the pacification of conflict rather than triumph in sport or slaughter.

Concordance:
I Tactics & Distance

Irimi (入り身)

Literal: Entering Body

The strategic act of stepping boldly into the attacker's inner space at the very instant of their offensive inception. By penetrating the opponent's blind spot before their technique reaches peak acceleration, the practitioner renders defensive blocks unnecessary.

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J Biomechanics & Technique

Jūtai (Nantai) (柔態 / 軟態)

Literal: Supple / Pliant Condition

The supple, relaxed condition of the musculature and fascia. In contrast to lax passivity, jutai is an elastic, responsive readiness. Egami discovered that striking with a jutai state allows the arm to act like a hydraulic whip, penetrating deep into the adversary before discharging energy.

Concordance:
K Biomechanics & Technique

Kime (極め)

Literal: Focus / Deciding Moment

Redefined radically in Shotokai. While modern styles define kime as a sharp isometric freezing of muscles upon impact, Egami identified true kime as total mental concentration and effortless kinetic discharge through the target without terminal muscular arrest, allowing the strike to pass entirely through the opponent's mass.

Concordance:
K History & Sōgō Budō

Kimikagesō (君影草)

Literal: Lily of the Valley (Flower blooming in the lord's shadow)

The poetic titular metaphor chosen by Chiyoko Egami for her serialized memoirs (Convallaria majalis / Lily of the Valley). It symbolizes Master Shigeru Egami's lifelong humility, living, innovating, and teaching quietly in the shadow of Master Gichin Funakoshi without ever seeking personal fame, organizational empire, or financial reward.

Concordance:
K Biomechanics & Technique

Kokyū-ryoku (呼吸力)

Literal: Breath Power

The mobilization of explosive power through coordinated abdominal respiration rather than muscular exertion. Natural exhalation upon execution sinks the center of gravity and connects the entire skeletal framework to the floor, producing dynamic rooting.

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K Tactics & Distance

Kuzushi (崩し)

Literal: Destabilization / Unbalancing

Breaking the adversary's physical equilibrium or mental focus. In Egami's karate, kuzushi is achieved not through muscular leverage, but through instantaneous entry, change of rhythm, and redirecting the partner's kinetic intent.

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M Tactics & Distance

Ma-ai (間合い)

Literal: Interval / Dynamic Space-Time Distance

The living, three-dimensional relationship of distance, timing, and psychological presence between two combatants. In Shotokai, ma-ai is not a static measurement in centimeters, but a fluid field where a fraction of an inch can determine life or death.

Concordance:
M Biomechanics & Technique

Makiwara (巻藁)

Literal: Straw-Wrapped Striking Post

The traditional conditioning post. While Egami fractured makiwara boards in his youth, he later condemned obsessive makiwara training for calcifying joints, generating excessive tension, and destroying the natural sensitivity required for budo.

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M Budo Philosophy & Mind

Mushin (無心)

Literal: No-Mind / Empty Mind

A state of pure, unconditioned presence free of fear, calculation, vanity, or hesitation. In mushin, the mind acts like a tranquil mirror reflecting the moon; reactions emerge spontaneously without deliberate calculation.

Concordance:
R History & Sōgō Budō

Rakutenkai (楽天会)

Literal: The Optimists' Society

The avant-garde research group founded in 1964 by Hiroyuki Aoki with Master Egami's explicit blessing. They subjected body mechanics to exhaustive, sleep-deprived winter and summer training at Iwai Beach to break through physical limitations.

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R Budo Philosophy & Mind

Reigi (礼儀)

Literal: Etiquette / Courteous Decorum

The strict code of mutual respect, bowing, and humility governing dojo interactions. Master Gichin Funakoshi famously stated that karate begins and ends with courtesy; Egami guarded this principle against commercial contamination.

Concordance:
R History & Sōgō Budō

Rikugun Nakano Gakkō (陸軍中野学校)

Literal: Imperial Army Nakano Espionage Academy

The elite military intelligence institute where Shigeru Egami and Yoshitaka Funakoshi taught unarmed survival and infiltration tactics between 1939 and 1945, a solemn chapter that deepened Egami's postwar dedication to peaceful budo.

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S Budo Philosophy & Mind

Saru mono wa owazu, kuru mono wa kobamazu (去る者は追わず、来る者は拒まず)

Literal: Do not pursue those who leave; do not refuse those who come

Master Shigeru Egami's famous personal maxim. It guided his compassionate, non-possessive attitude toward all disciples, allowing them total freedom to explore new paths while keeping the door of his heart and dojo open unconditionally.

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S Biomechanics & Technique

Seika Tanden (臍下丹田)

Literal: Field of Elixir Below the Navel

The bodily and energetic center of gravity situated approximately three fingers below the navel. In Egami's karate, all locomotion, power delivery, and rooting originate in the lower abdomen, keeping the upper torso, chest, and shoulders free of compressive tension.

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S Tactics & Distance

Sen no Sen (先の先)

Literal: Initiative at the Point of Initiative

The high timing tier wherein the practitioner seizes the initiative precisely as the adversary forms the intention to attack, neutralizing their strike before it can be physically unleashed.

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S Tactics & Distance

Sen-sen no Sen (先々の先)

Literal: Pre-emptive Transcendental Initiative

The pinnacle of timing: intuitive perception of the adversary's aggressive intent before conscious thought crystallizes in their mind. Egami linked this to mushin and the perception of psychic emanations.

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S Budo Philosophy & Mind

Shin-Ken-Shōbu (真剣勝負)

Literal: Combat with Live Razor Blades

An existential attitude toward training. Egami insisted that every kata repetition, lunge, and kumite engagement must be practiced with the terrifying sincerity and single-minded focus of one who faces an unsheathed live blade.

Concordance:
S History & Sōgō Budō

Shintaido (新体道)

Literal: New Body Way

The modern movement art formally launched in 1970-1973 by Hiroyuki Aoki and former Shotokai seniors, expanding Egami's non-contraction principles into artistic, expressive, and holistic dimensions beyond orthodox karate.

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S Biomechanics & Technique

Shizentai (自然体)

Literal: Natural Body Posture

The state of physical and mental readiness wherein the skeletal structure supports the body without superfluous muscular contraction. Following his 1956-1957 gastric operations, Egami abandoned artificial, tense stances in favor of Shizentai, proving that an unconstricted body responds instantaneously and transfers uninterrupted kinetic momentum.

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S History & Sōgō Budō

Sōgō Budō (総合武道)

Literal: Comprehensive / Integrated Martial Way

The 1960s interdisciplinary movement initiated within Chuo University and Shotokai to synthesize karate, judo, aikido, bojutsu, and kenjutsu into a unified discipline of human bodily liberation.

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T Tactics & Distance

Tai-sabaki (体捌き)

Literal: Body Management / Circular Shifting

Circular, diagonal, or pivoting body adjustments that deflect an adversary's line of attack without forceful bone-to-bone collision. Tai-sabaki transforms linear aggression into empty space.

Concordance:
T History & Sōgō Budō

Tenshingōsō (天真五相)

Literal: Five Expressions of Pure Nature

Five fundamental archetypal movements developed by the Rakutenkai group under Egami and Aoki, expressing cosmic openness, vocal release, and full-body expansion.

Concordance:
T History & Sōgō Budō

Tōate (To-ate) (当身 / 当て)

Literal: Striking from Afar / Remote Projection

The controversial energetic phenomenon investigated by Master Egami, Hiroyuki Aoki, and the Rakutenkai circle in the late 1960s. After his clinical near-death experience, Egami explored whether psychic intent and bio-kinetic resonance could displace a receptive partner without physical contact.

Concordance:
T Biomechanics & Technique

Tsuki no Shintō (突きの浸透)

Literal: Penetrating Transmission of the Punch

The biomechanical shockwave transfer that occurs when an attack is executed with zero shoulder and forearm contraction. Rather than producing superficial skin bruising, the shock penetrates into internal organs and dislodges the adversary's center of gravity backward without injuring knuckles.

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